A review of energy storage technologies for large scale photovoltaic
Then, it reviews the grid services large scale photovoltaic power plants must or can provide together with the energy storage requirements. With this information, together with
The photovoltaic installed capacity set in the figure is 2395kW. When the energy storage capacity is 1174kW h, the user's annual expenditure is the smallest and the economic benefit is the best. Fig. 4. The impact of energy storage capacity on annual expenditures.
The optimal configuration capacity of photovoltaic and energy storage depends on several factors such as time-of-use electricity price, consumer demand for electricity, cost of photovoltaic and energy storage, and the local annual solar radiation.
When the electricity price is relatively high and the photovoltaic output does not meet the user's load requirements, the energy storage releases the stored electricity to reduce the user's electricity purchase costs.
The outer objective function is the minimum annual comprehensive cost of the user, and the decision variable is the configuration capacity of photovoltaic and energy storage; the inner objective function is the minimum daily electricity purchase cost, and the decision variable is the charging and discharging strategy of energy storage.
The energy storage life is also determined by the actual operation strategy of energy storage; and in order to determine the operation strategy of energy storage, the configuration capacity of photovoltaic and energy storage must be given first.
This paper considers the annual comprehensive cost of the user to install the photovoltaic energy storage system and the user's daily electricity bill to establish a bi-level optimization model. The outer model optimizes the photovoltaic & energy storage capacity, and the inner model optimizes the operation strategy of the energy storage.
Then, it reviews the grid services large scale photovoltaic power plants must or can provide together with the energy storage requirements. With this information, together with
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